[超全整理+持续更新] 在英文外贸开发信中可能使用到的新冠肺炎疫情/coronavirus/COVID-19常用英语及表达
为了让大家在用英文邮件(或外贸开发信)沟通新冠肺炎疫情时可以显得更加专业和严谨,红帽云邮归纳整理了你可能会使用到的英文单词或短语。(部分内容来自中国翻译研究院,供业界及相关人员参考使用)
提示:下面这个列表我们将持续增加和更新,请大家持续关注。
另外红帽云邮还为你准备了一些新型冠状病毒肺炎Coronavirus疫情下的外贸开发信模板。
1 近期热词
- social distancing
- regular hand-washing
- social isolation
- self quarantine self isolation
2 疫病名称
- coronavirus 新型冠状病毒
- COVID-19 2019冠状病毒病
- SARS-CoV-2 严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2
- pneumonia 肺炎
- NCP (Novel coronavirus pneumonia) 新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎英文简称)
- severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 严重急性呼吸综合征(非典)
- severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) 严重急性呼吸道感染
- acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) 急性呼吸窘迫综合征
- Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) 中东呼吸综合征
3 传染防控
- Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) 国际关注的突发公共卫生事件
- pandemic 全球大流行
- COVID-19 pandemic 冠状病毒病全球大流行
- outbreak 疫情大爆发
- Coronavirus outbreak 冠状病毒病爆发
- epicenter 疫情中心
- human-to-human transmission 或 person-to-person transmission人传人
- vaccine 疫苗
- affected area 疫区
- quarantine 隔离 (under quarantine 或者 someone is quarantined)
- incubation period 潜伏期
- Coronavirus can lie dormant for 14 days 新型冠状病毒肺炎有14天的潜伏期
- confirmed case 确诊病例
- suspected case 疑似病例
- patient in critical condition 重症患者
- close contact 密切接触者
- be under medical observation 接受医院观察
- droplet transmission 飞沫传播
- fatality rate 病死率
- death toll 死亡总数
- epidemic prevention and control 疫情防控
- imported case 输入性病例
- secondary infection case 二代病例
- asymptomatic infection 隐性感染
- clinical tests 临床检验
- isolation ward 隔离病房
- observation ward 观察室
- fecal-oral transmission 粪口传播
- prevention and control of the virus 防疫
- direct contact 直接接触
- indirect contact 间接接触
- to monitor body temperature 监测体温
- to check body temperature 体温检测
- to quarantine yourself in your home / self-monitored quarantine 自我隔离
- to wear a mask 戴口罩
- to wash your hands often / carefully 勤洗手/仔细洗手
- disinfection 消毒
- avoid crowds 避免去人多的地方
4 器具名称
- face mask / facial mask 口罩
- N95 mask/respirator N95口罩/呼吸器
- surgical mask 医用外科口罩
- 3-Layer Disposable Face Mask三层一次性口罩
- Disposable Medical Mask一次性医用口罩
- Disposable 3-Ply Medical Surgical Face Mask 一次性三层医用外科口罩
- disposable gloves 一次性手套
- protective clothing / suits 防护服
- goggles 护目镜
- infrared thermometer 红外体温测量仪
- thermal imaging camera for temperature monitoring 体温检测热像仪
- diagnostic tool / kit 诊断器具
- disinfectant / antiseptic solution 消毒液
- disinfectant / antiseptic wipes 消毒湿巾
- alcohol-based hand rub/sanitizer 含酒精洗手液
- protective suit 防护服
- negative pressure ambulance 负压救护车
- medical supplies 医疗物资
- urgently needed materials 紧缺物资
5 政策举措
- the lockdown of a city / a city is on lockdown 封城
- first-level public health emergency response 重大突发公共卫生事件一级响应
- Public Health Emergency of International Concern(PHEIC)国际关注的突发公共卫生事件
- shortage of medical supplies 医疗物资紧缺
- daily necessities 日常基本生活物资
- cross-border procurement 跨境采购
- to stock up on food 囤积食物
- work resumption 复工复产
Work resumption is taking place across China except for Hubei province, the hardest-hit region.
除疫情最严重的湖北省外,全国其他地区均已部署安排企业复工复产。 - get back to work 复工
Guangdong is getting back to work - resume work 复工
Chinese resume work to fight against virus - School return was postponed 延长假期 / 延期开学
6 机构、职业群体和场所名称
- WHO (World Health Organization) 世界卫生组织(世卫组织)
- Leading Group of the CPC Central Committee for Novel Coronavirus Prevention and Control 中央应对新型冠状病毒感染肺炎疫情工作领导小组(中央应对疫情工作领导小组)
- National Health Commission (NHC)中国国家卫生健康委员会(卫健委)
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) 中国疾病预防控制中心(中国疾控中心)
- National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA) 国家医疗保障局(国家医保局)
- medical institution 医疗机构
- health institution 卫生机构
- medical practitioner / healthcare professional 医疗从业者
- medical personnel / health workforce / health workers 医疗人员
- frontline health workers 一线医护人员
- Zhong Nanshan, a prominent Chinese expert in respiratory diseases (and a hero of the 2003 fight against SARS) 钟南山
- designated hospitals 定点医院
- fever clinic 发热门诊
- intensive care unit (ICU) 重症监护病房
- quarantine office 检疫所
- pharmacy / drugstore 药店
备注:endemic vs epidemic vs pandemic的区别
endemic, epidemic和pandemic是流行病学里的三个常见的概念,它们是outbreak的三种类型,我们可以从持续时间和影响范围这两个方面来区别。
持续时间:
- endemic持续时间较长,比较稳定,不会突然消失,表现其特点的英文表达有:occurs at a predictable rate、remain at a steady state。
- epidemic和pandemic一样,持续时间较短,起病快、传播迅速,但又突然消失,相关的英文表达有:rapidly spread、normally spread in two weeks or less。
影响范围:
- endemic影响特定群体或局部地区,如:in a certain area or among a set population.
- epidemic的影响范围较大,amongst a large number of people in a given population。
- pandemic的影响范围更大,It stretches over a larger area, infects more people and causes more deaths than an epidemic.甚至在全世界范围内流行(worldwide spread)。
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